MEGAHUBS 2025

DISCOVER THE MOST CONNECTED AIRPORTS IN THE WORLD

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THE MARKET'S DEFINITIVE RANKING OF THE TOP INTERNATIONALLY CONNECTED AIRPORTS


We are proud to present the 10th annual edition of Megahubs. This special anniversary edition continues to deliver the key statistics on the most connected airports in the world, and also includes a comparison to a decade earlier, highlighting both the growth of the aviation industry and the competitive options available to travelers from expanding Megahubs.

OAG Megahubs 2025 reveals the most internationally connected airports in the world and the most domestically connected airports in the U.S. including:

  • Top 50 Most Connected Airports
  • Top 25 Most Connected Low-Cost Carrier (LCC) Airports
  • Top 25 Most Connected US Domestic Airports
  • Top 10 Most Connected Airports by region: EMEA, North America, Latin America, Asia Pacific, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa

OAG Megahubs 2025 ranks the connectivity of the world’s leading international airport hubs – globally and regionally – as well as gateways into domestic markets and provides a platform for comparison. These unique rankings are generated by comparing the number of scheduled connections to and from international flights with the number of destinations served from the airport.

Now in its 10th year, these unique rankings are generated by comparing the number of scheduled connections to and from international flights with the number of destinations served from the airport. 

Using the most comprehensive and accurate network of airline schedules and global flight connections in the world, OAG Megahubs 2025 provides essential insights on how flight connectivity changes, develops and grows across the world’s largest airports.

Megahubs 2025

Global Airports

KEY GLOBAL HIGHLIGHTS:


 

Heathrow Reigns as World’s Most Connected Airport

London Heathrow (LHR) retains its title as the world’s most connected airport for the third consecutive year, offering over 59,000 possible connections to 226 destinations* on the busiest day**.

Heathrow remains the leading hub for global travelers and is also Europe’s busiest airport by seat capacity.

Notably, Heathrow is the only airport in the Global Top 10 to retain the same ranking as last year. Every other airport in the Top 10 have seen shifts in position – some positive and some negative. 

*Based on scheduled services to destinations operating between September 2024 - August 2025.
**Friday 1 August 2025.

London Heathrow Airport

Key movements within the Top 10 include:

  • Istanbul Airport (IST) has seen one of the greatest increases, surging from 8th position last year to 2nd place in this year’s ranking, due to a 25% year-on-year increase in potential connections on the busiest day of the year.
  • Amsterdam Schiphol (AMS) climbs to 3rd place, up from 4th place last year.
  • Kuala Lumpur (KUL) is the highest-ranking Asian airport in the Top 10 in joint 4th place with Frankfurt (FRA).
  • Frankfurt (FRA) has seen a significant shift in rankings, climbing from 10th position last year to 4th, driven by a 21% increase in potential connections year-on-year.
  • Tokyo Haneda (HND) has dropped down in this year’s rankings from 3rd in 2024 to 9th in 2025, reflecting a 10% decline in connections.
  • Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson (ATL) – the world’s largest airport by seat capacity – re-enters the Top 10 this year rising from 11th place last year to 8th position in 2025. ATL has added eight more destinations and seen a corresponding 14% increase in potential connections.
  • Chicago O’Hare (ORD) also makes gains, climbing two spots to 7th, due to a 17% growth in connections and an expanded network of 15 additional destinations.
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Heathrow’s sustained dominance reflects its vital role in global travel, while Istanbul’s rapid rise shows how hubs are evolving to meet demand. Our 2025 ranking underscores the balance between established gateways and ambitious challengers worldwide, which has developed over ten years of Megahubs.

John Grant, Chief Analyst
Megahubs 2025

Low-Cost Carrier Airports

KEY LCC HIGHLIGHTS:


 

Low-Cost Megahubs highlight the growing strength of LCCs in shaping global connectivity

  • Kuala Lumpur (KUL) remains the world’s most connected LCC Megahub, holding onto the top spot.
  • Incheon (ICN) has risen from 3rd to 2nd place, swapping positions with Manila (MNL), which now ranks 3rd.
  • Hong Kong (HKG) has experienced the most impressive growth, moving up 20 places to 4th place this year. Potential LCC connections at HKG has almost tripled, driven by HK Express, which added 15 new destinations in the past year. Almost half of these operate to Japan, with others linking to China, Vietnam, and Malaysia.
  • Dubai (DXB) in 5th place has the highest volume of potential LCC connections, an increase of 4% year-on-year, with FlyDubai playing a central role operating 28% of flights at Dubai.
  • Sydney (SYD) has seen one of the largest jumps moving up from 20th place in 2024 to 6th place this year. Australia’s busiest airport nearly doubled its potential LCC connections – now approaching 7,000.
  • Tokyo Narita (NRT) – Tokyo’s second largest airport – has also almost doubled its potential connections compared to last year, consequently moving up from 19th to 7th place (equal with SAW). With 46% of flights at NRT operating on LCCs, it underscores the scale of LCC presence.
  • Looking at the broader picture, 16 of the Top 25 LCC Megahubs are in Asia Pacific, eight are in EMEA and just one, New York JFK, is in North America. Emphasising Asia Pacific’s role as the dominant region for low-cost connectivity.
Megahubs 2025

United States Airports

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Chicago O’Hare and Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson continue to play a vital role in connecting travelers across North America and the world. Their ability to expand destinations and connections underscores their importance in shaping the region’s aviation network.

John Grant, Chief Analyst

KEY US HIGHLIGHTS:


 

The US Top 10 most connected domestic airports remain the same group as in 2024, although the order has shifted slightly.

  • Chicago O’Hare (ORD) edges back into 1st place, just ahead of Atlanta (ATL), after sharing the top spot last year. On the busiest day for US domestic travel in 2025 (July 18), ORD offered more potential connections than any other US airport. It also serves more domestic destinations than ATL, at 214, an increase of nine compared to last year.
  • Atlanta (ATL) - the home to Delta Air Lines, who consistently achieve high on-time performance (OTP) in OAG’s monthly analysis - ranks 2nd, while Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) holds onto 3rd.
  • Denver (DEN) climbs from 5th to 4th, overtaking Charlotte (CLT), which drops to 5th place.
Megahubs 2025

Top International by Region

Expert Commentary

Megahubs: 10 Years On

From 2015 to today, these airports have shaped how the world connects. OAG’s Chief Analyst, John Grant, takes a look at a decade of growth amongst the world’s most internationally connected airports.

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Since launching ten years ago, OAG’s annual Megahubs report has become the market’s definitive ranking of the most internationally connected airports in the world.

Powered by the industry’s most comprehensive and accurate airline schedules and global flight connections data, OAG’s Megahubs analysis provides essential insights on how flight connectivity evolves and grows across the world’s largest airports. Throughout the past decade, we have closely tracked how these Megahubs have developed, with their networks adapting alongside market trends, airline growth strategies, and the popularity of each destination as a stopover point.

To mark the 10th anniversary this year, we’ve examined the evolution of this year’s Top 10 Global Megahubs over the last decade - set against a backdrop of a near one-third increase in global capacity, now just over six billion seats a year.

Relative to each other, the 2025 Top 10 would have ranked quite differently in 2015, with some of the rankings changing quite considerably for some airports. This reflects the shifting balance of power across the global aviation industry.  

 

Despite the increasing levels of competition, a 24% increase in destinations served underpins London Heathrow (LHR)'s ranking as the best-connected airport over the last decade, and it retains its number one position this year. There are challengers though, and Amsterdam (AMS) has increased its position from 7th up to 3rd most connected hub globally. The other major European hubs in Frankfurt (FRA) and Paris (CDG) have both seen their positions drop - in part as a consequence of reductions in domestic connectivity and a shift to alternate modes of transport. Paris (CDG) is now in 10th place, from 6th a decade ago and Frankfurt (FRA) is down from 3rd to 4th.

At the same time, Megahubs such as Istanbul (IST), Incheon (ICN) and Kuala Lumpur (KUL) have also improved their rankings as their networks and connectivity continues to develop in line with the growth markets that they serve.

  • Istanbul (IST) moves into 2nd place globally from 4th just 10 years ago, with a 24% increase in the destinations served.
  • Kuala Lumpur (KUL) moves up to 4th from 5th, with a similar increase in destinations served (22%).
  • Incheon (ICN) stands out as a big mover, moving up 6th from 10th, with a huge increase in potential connections of 58% on the busiest day of the year.

 Amongst the US airports in the Top 10, Atlanta (ATL) has held its position, relative to the others, in 8th place. Chicago O’Hare (ORD), meanwhile, has slipped from what would have been second place in 2015 to 7th in 2025, as others have seen a bigger increase in connections relative to the destinations served.

 While many of the changes are subtle, a glance back just ten years shows us how the world is changing and perhaps point to how those Megahubs will evolve in the next decade.

FAQs


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Why do you include a Top 25 for the United States?

As the largest domestic aviation market in the world, we include a US domestic Top 25 Megahubs. These airports are those with the highest ratio of possible scheduled connections to the number of destinations served by that airport.

Who do I contact about a media enquiry?

If you have a media enquiry, please email pressroom@oag.com and we will get back to you.

What is the busiest day for global aviation?

Between 1 September 2024 and 31 August 2025 the busiest day for global aviation was Friday 1st August. 

What is circuity?

In aviation, circuity refers to the extra distance or detour an aircraft must fly compared to the most direct route. For eg. a maximum circuity of 150 typically means that the actual route is allowed to be up to 150% of the great-circle distance.

What is a Minimum Connection Time?

Minimum Connection Times (MCTs)
define the shortest allowable time for passengers to transfer between flights at an airport, ensuring operational feasibility and a smooth connection process.

METHODOLOGY


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Using OAG flight data from the 100 largest airports and the 100 largest international airports in the world, based on total scheduled seats for an entire year (1 September 2024 to 31 August 2025). Data is extracted from the busiest day for global aviation in the past year (Sep 2024 to Aug 2025), Friday 1 August 2025. The total number of all possible connections is calculated between inbound and outbound flights within a six-hour window, considering those where either the inbound, outbound, or both flights are international*.

Plus, the following criteria were chosen for all operating flights:

  • Single connections* only to/from the chosen airports
  • Maximum circuity of 150
  • Minimum Connection Time (MCT) varies by individual airport. OAG holds the MCT information for every commercial airport in operation
  • Maximum connection window of six hours

Top 25 Most Connected Low-Cost Carrier (LCC) Airports (International). Uses the same methodology but the restriction rule is limited to low-cost flights only.

Top 25 Most Connected US Airports (Domestic). Uses the same methodology but is based on the busiest day for domestic capacity and flights in the US, which is the 18 July 2025, with the following criteria:

  • Single domestic connections only to/from the chosen airports
  • Maximum circuity of 120
  • Maximum connection window of three hours

* A single connecting routing could include a domestic to international connection, an international to domestic connection or an international to international connection.

 

Key Contributors


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john-grant-oag

John Grant
Chief Analyst, OAG

deirdre-fulton-midas

Deirdre Fulton
Partner at MIDAS Aviation

Caroline_Mather

Caroline Mather
Chief Marketing Officer at OAG

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